Summary

This session has introduced current and future trends in world population, and highlighted the variation that exists between countries in fertility, mortality and growth rates. It has also described past trends in population, and in doing so introduced the central demographic concept of the demographic ransition.

Throughout the session different demographic terms have been introduced, and the Balancing Equation has been described.

Although this session has given an introduction to population trends, their consequences and possible policy responses, the enormous breadth of the topic means that this session has been necessarily brief. A section on further resources has been included in the references if any of the topics discussed are of interest.